leg vein occlusion

WHAT IS LEG AVOID OCCLUSION?

Leg vascular occlusion is a disease that causes stenosis or obstructive calcification, which occurs as a result of fat accumulation (atherosclerosis: calcification) in the vascular wall.

In this article, we will examine the general lines. Links will be provided where necessary. You can also proceed by clicking on them.

“Peripheral” is a word used for the ends of the body, that is, for the arms and legs. It is used in this term for leg vein occlusion.

Acute leg vein occlusion, which may require EMERGENCY intervention, may occur with the addition of a clot on top of the existing vascular occlusion, a clot coming from the heart or the occlusion of the vein by the lime.

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It can be seen anywhere there is an artery. This disease, which often causes stenosis in the heart vessels, also causes stenosis in the heart or alone, especially in the leg veins and jugular veins. We will evaluate carotid artery occlusion in another article.

JUDGMENT OCCLUSION CONNECTION

Sugar and cigarettes should be the two important issues that come to our minds in atherosclerosis.

Peripheral vascular disease is seen due to age, mainly diabetes and/or high cholesterol or smoking. Leg vein occlusion due to smoking is called Buerger’s Disease as ”nicotine allergy”. You can reach this disease from the articles or videos named Buerger’s Disease or Nicotine Disease.

LINK TO THE SOURCE: BUERGER’S DISEASE

Click:

NICOTINE ILLNESS

One of the causes of Peripheral Vascular Disease is diabetes. There are results that result in wounds in the feet due to sugar and sometimes even loss of limbs. Vein and nerve involvement in the feet of diabetics is called “diabetic foot”.

CONNECTION SOURCE VESSEL AND DIABETES

Related Videos:

WHY IS DIABETES BAD?

DIABETIC FEET? ATTENTION TO FEET IN DIABETES!

PICTURE 2: SYMPTOMS

SYMPTOMS OF LEG AVOID OCCLUSION

In sudden leg vein occlusion, the symptom known as “6P” occurs. These are listed as PAIN (PAIN), PALE (PALLOR), DARKNESS (PARESTHESIA), COLD (POIKILOTHERMIA), Pulselessness (PULSELESSNES) AND LOSS OF POWER (PARALYSIA). Apart from the sudden situation, this symptom occurs over time in long-term (chronic) developing leg vascular occlusion.

1. Calf pain: The pain increases with walking and the person feels the need to stop. It goes with rest. For this reason, it has been defined as “window disease” because it has to stop frequently.

The pain may be in the calf as well as the hip and lower back. In cases where such pains are neglected and not treated, there may be pain in the feet at rest without walking. Sometimes these pains intensify, making patients unable to sleep at night. During this period, patients can only relax by hanging their feet and only sleep like that. This type of pain can only be reduced with very strong painkillers. In the picture below you can see typical calf pain.

Walking distance: The distance walked until pain and rest is strategic in determining the method for treatment. In general, drug treatment can be applied up to 500 meters. In people who have descended below 500 meters, severe leg feeding with stenosis is considered “critical”.

1. Coldness: Since there is not enough blood circulation, the feeling of coldness and then coldness starts from the toes and goes up. When touched by hand, it is seen that it is colder than the other leg below the level of vascular occlusion.
2. Paleness: With the decrease in blood circulation, discoloration is seen in the affected leg. It is lighter in color than the other leg.
3. Drowsiness: With the deterioration of circulation, LOSS OF HAIR, and subsequent deterioration of nerve functions, numbness and drowsiness are observed in the feet. These complaints, which are seen in the form of tingling, pins and needles and throbbing in the feet in diabetics, also prevent the feeling of pain that will occur when you accidentally hit your feet. Thus, small wounds grow into bad wounds.
4. Pulselessness: No pulse can be detected in the affected leg with examination or hand doppler.
5. Motor Loss = Movement disorder: In the advanced stage of vascular occlusion or if the blood flow is completely cut off by the clot or lime on the vein occlusion, voluntary or involuntary movement is not seen in the leg, since both the muscles of the leg and the communication of the nerves are impaired. This movement disorder indicates loss of motor functions.

• Irreversible. The problem should be resolved before we get to this point. This is a very serious situation. If left untreated, it results in gangrene and loss of limb.

1. Foot wounds: Since vascular occlusion disrupts tissue nutrition, wounds in the damaged area due to an impact or injury are difficult to heal. Sometimes the healing is not enough and it turns into an open wound, and gangrene occurs with the participation of the infection.

WHO HAS A LEG AVOID OCCLUSION?

Among the risk factors, sugar and smoking come first.

Then, high cholesterol, hypertension and family history, which are among the general risk factors for vascular occlusion, come. Obesity and alcohol use are also included in this list.

In some of those with leg vascular occlusion, there may be occlusion in the coronary vessels that do not show any symptoms yet. In some patients, these obstructions may require bypass. The reason for this is that the patient cannot walk due to calf pain and does not experience chest pain.

Conversely, 10-15% of patients with coronary artery stenosis may also have leg vein occlusion.

When patients apply to the doctor, in the examination:

• COLD: hair loss due to circulatory disorder in the legs and thinning of the skin and coldness are seen.
• Heart rate is checked. Absence of Pulse: Weak or inability to get a pulse in the feet is often detected manually or with a device called hand doppler. Pulses are examined in arteries in the groin, behind the knees, on the soles of the feet and near the feet.
• Foot and arm blood pressure is measured and proportioned. This is called the Ankle Brachial index (ABI). It is important that this value is below 1.0.

LINK: ABI

• The next stage is the inspection stage.

EXAMINATIONS IN LEG VEIN OCCLUSION:

• ULTRASONOGRAPHY: After the examination, the first ultrasonography is requested for vascular occlusion. With this examination, stenosis and flow velocities are seen in the leg arteries. It is a painless and fast reliable examination.

In the picture above, the narrowing of the vessel and the passage of the blood shown in red through the stenosis area are seen.

ANGIOUS IN LEG AVOID OCCLUSION

• ANGIOGRAPHY: If stenosis is detected in ultrasonography, angiography is requested based on this. Before angiography, patients are also examined in terms of the heart, and leg angiography and coronary angiography are often requested. In addition to classical angiography, similar Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) can be used for diagnosis. Computed Tomographic Angiography and MR angiography are also used today.

The white spots on the angiogram below are the arteries. Slight plaques and narrowing of the vessel wall (white arrow) are seen in the left vein, while in the opposite leg (other arrow) it is seen that the vein is completely occluded in the same region.

WHAT IS THE TREATMENT IN LEG AVOIC OCCLUSION?

The walking distance, the location and severity of the stenosis, and whether there is a foot wound are evaluated together in making the decision for treatment.

1. MEDICINE TREATMENT: It is done with blood thinners and vasodilating drugs.
2. ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT: Balloon and stent procedures can be applied in strictures that do not require surgery. Today, it is applied with high success in large diameter, abdominal and inguinal veins. In the areas below the knee, problems may occur with the decrease of the diameters. We will consider this issue in a separate article.
3. SURGICAL TREATMENT: With the bypass technique, blood is sent down the clogged vessel. Ideally, the patient’s own leg vein or artificial veins are used for this.

Key words:

leg vein occlusion,

Symptoms of leg vein occlusion,

Leg vein occlusion angiography,

Wound in leg vein occlusion,

Leg vein occlusion surgery

Gangrene,

foot wound,

diabetic foot