Nose and Aesthetic analysis Part 1
The nose plays the most important and aesthetic role in the middle of the face. Therefore, nasal analysis is extremely important.
Nose differences in men and women
The anatomical points, lines and areas we used in the nose analysis are listed below.
1. The width of the wings of the nose, 2. The junction of the wings of the nose with the cheeks, 3. The line of the nose wings on the nose, 4. Edge of the wings of the nose, Columella 5.
6. The lower part of the columella, 7. Columella outer border, 8. The part of the columella facing the nostrils, 9. glabella; The most prominent part between the eyebrows, 10. Nose-face baseline, 11. Nasal dorsal outline, 12. The widest area of the tip of the nose, 13. The tip of the nose is the widest outer line, 14. Nasal root contour, 15. The line coming from the eyebrow and continuing on the nose, 16. Nasion; the innermost part of the nasal root, 17. The outer line of the nostrils, that is, the style, 18. Rhinion; The junction of the nasal bone and the fracture can only be understood by touch,19. The triangle made by the nostrils towards the tip of the nose, 20. Subnasale; The junction point of the lattice of the nose and the upper lip, 21. Upper point of the nose tip, 22. Nasal tip-nasal type,23. Nose tip definition points
Definitions used in the general evaluation of the nose; FHL(Frankfurt horizontal line); The horizontal line starting slightly above the external ear canal and passing through the under-eye bone edge in the profile evaluation of the face. This line is extremely important in the evaluation of the nose. n; nose length; r; nasal root projection, bp; nasal projection, a; perpendicular line through the subnasale, b; perpendicular line through the nose type, ab; gives the nasal tip projection.
The following steps are applied in the aesthetic analysis of the nose.
A. General evaluation of the nose
B. Evaluation of the anatomical areas of the nose as upper, middle and lower
A. General evaluation of the nose
1. Evaluation of symmetry
For this purpose (during the frontal evaluation of the face), the inner corners of the eyes, the upper eyelid fold line and the horizontal lines passing through the uppermost point of the eyebrows are drawn. A perpendicular line is drawn to these, starting from the glabella and passing through the back of the nose, the tip of the nose, and the middle of the upper lip. This is the symmetry evaluation line of both the face and the nose.
2. Evaluation of other anatomical structures around the nose
When evaluating the nose, the surrounding anatomical areas are evaluated. For example, the fact that the cheeks are further back due to the developmental deficiency of the upper jawbone affects the appearance of the shape of the nose in the profile evaluation.
3 patients with insufficient development of the maxilla and the severity of this insufficiency increases from left to right. The projection of the nose also increases and negatively affects the profile of the nose.
3. Evaluation of the ridge of the nose
In the evaluation of the face in oblique angle; There should be a continuous line starting from the inner edge of the eyebrows to the tip of the nose and located symmetrically on both sides. The ridge of the nose is between these two lines. The back of the nose starts 2 mm below the nasion in women. In men, it starts a little higher.
A minor classification was made according to the shape of the nasal ridge.
This line is distorted in the shape irregularities of the nasal dorsum. In the picture below, the dorsal hump, saddle and distortion are seen, respectively.
It is sometimes difficult to draw the line of the back of the nose. Especially in nose, face and tooth deformities. Nasal bone hump, cartilage saddles, nasal tip problems reveal more than one dorsal line on the nose. These are lines that run through bone, cartilage, and lobule.
4. Evaluation of nose widths
Definitions used in nose width
The white line is the length of the nose drawn between the nasion and the tip of the nose. f;nose root profile width,g;nose root width,d;nose ridge width,e;nose ridge profile width,b;nose wing width, c;nose tip width,a;Columella width
The width of the nose (distance between the nose wings = b) / nose length = ideal ratio should be 0.7.
Nasal root width = f, nasal floor or nasal wing width = approximately 75-80% of b.
Nose wing width=b should be as wide as one eye.
Nasal width=b should be equal to the intercanthal distance connecting the inner corners of the eyes, or in other words, one eye width. For this reason, if the vertical line descending from the inner corner of the eye exceeds the nose wings by more than 2 mm, it means the nose wings are wide.
5. Evaluation of the skin and supporting tissue above the nose
The thickness of the skin, sebaceous glands and support tissue increases when it comes from the root of the nose to the tip of the nose or from the sides of the nose to the back of the nose.
The skin and supporting tissue are palpated. In this examination; nasal bone length, irregularities on nasal bone and cartilage, rapid recovery when pressure is applied to the tip of the nose, and the mobility of the nasal skin are examined. It is also determined in structures such as atrophy and scar telangiectasia on the skin on the nose.
Some values about ideal nose sizes;
In the midline, between the under-eye bone and the area where the nose starts a, the distance between the outer edge of both nostrils and b should be equal.
Nose length (nasion – tip of the nose) = RT, lower and upper lip junction-stomion, length between the lowest point of the chin-menton. They should be equal to each other.
1.6 times the length between the tip of the nose and the stomion is equal to the length of the nose.
Desirable nose length: 2/3 of the midface distance (glabella-subnasion distance) or it can be longer than this value by up to 3 mm.
The projection of the root of the nose from the profile is the straight line distance between the cornea and the nasion. It is 0.28 times the nose length.
In a tolerated nose, the nasion columelala is 48-50 mm.
The female nose can progress 2 mm below the dorsal line between the nasal radix tip.
The nasal profile is between the upper and lower kebna of the ear.
Nasal width 18 mm, alar width 30 mm, in fact, this alar width should be 70% of the nose length or equal to the eye width.
The distance between Columella and the tip is 19 mm.
B. Evaluation of the anatomical areas of the nose as upper, middle and lower
1. Evaluation of the Upper 1/3 of the Nose
The most posterior point of the root of the nose; It is the most backward point in the profile of the line connecting the nasal ridge and the frontal bone. At this point, the change affects the length and aesthetics of the nose. In addition, the distance and relationship of this point to the glabella, eye cornea and upper eyelid fold line is also important.
In the first picture, the root of the nose is very close to the corneal plane, away from the galabella, below the upper eyelid fold line. The second picture shows the ideal location and relationship of the nasal root. In the third picture, the root of the nose is above, anteriorly and close to the glabella. This causes the nose to appear longer than usual. (Greek nose)
Nasofrontal angle (angle between glabella-nose root-nose tip) is used in nasal root evaluations. However, the numerical value of this angle may sometimes not be significant. For this purpose, another evaluation of the same patients is made by using the nasal root point as follows. In the profile evaluation of the face, 2 lines are drawn. The first line is the line drawn between the glabella and the root of the nose. The second line is the line drawn between the root of the nose and the tip of the nose.
In the 3 examples above, the nasofrontal angle (angle between the glabella-nasal root-nose tip) is the same. However, the angle was rotated clockwise in patient 1, counterclockwise in patient 2, and the change in the picture was seen in patient 3.
