VARICOSE COVER LEAK
The so-called leak is the failure of the valves in the vein system that will prevent the blood from going down. In other words, even if it is not closed completely, or even if it is completely closed, it escapes into the blood from the space between, and the expansion in the already enlarged vein accelerates and as a result, varicose disease occurs.
· Insufficiency of the valves is mainly caused by the valve itself (primary) or due to reasons that develop outside it (secondary). · This issue was first described by W.Harwey, the Father of Circulation. The basic information simply conveyed above has remained valid until today.
In the venous system, very rarely, congenital valve failures can be seen. It’s very rare. There are 14 patients in the literature. Having a similar situation in the relatives of two people brings to mind genetic transmission. Venous insufficiency develops very early in these patients.
Venous Insufficiency is a general pathology that occurs with varicose veins. In patients with congenital valve deficiency, scar formation on the inner surface of the ankle is common. Foot swelling (edema) accompanies the picture. The blood pooling at the bottom when standing up, the flow of blood towards the legs, the decrease in the amount of blood returning to the heart and the decrease in the blood pumped by the heart as a result, low blood pressure: Orthostatic (positional) Hypotension. When you stand up suddenly, you may experience fainting due to a drop in blood pressure. There is no rule that it will be seen in every patient with varicose veins.
· One of the interesting findings is that there are fewer valves in the left intra-abdominal fen (iliac vein) in autopsy studies. It has been claimed that this is the reason why more varicose veins are seen on the left leg.
” In a similar study, it was observed that these valves were absent in healthy volunteers without varicose veins and those with a familial history of varicose veins. This showed the importance of genetic factors in the development of varicose veins.
· In another study, interesting findings were seen in adults and children with varicose veins (yes, varicose in children). It was found that 16% of adults and 32% of children did not have valves. Cover deficiency was found more in whites than in Africans.
· There is still not enough scientific evidence for the development of varicose disease with the absence of valve development from all findings.
· In varicose veins, dystrophic changes have been made in microscopic studies of the valves. Defects were observed in collagen fibers, elastic fibers and muscle cells.
As a result, varicose veins develop at a rate of 25% due to the inflammatory reaction that occurs in patients who have had thrombosis (clot) in the deep veins (phlebitis is not only a clot, but also an inflammation in the vessel wall). This is also among the long-term afflictions of DVTs, i.e. Deep vein Thrombosis. Microscopic studies have shown that enlargement (dilation) in a normal vein and fibrosis (a kind of wound healing) in these valves over time. This enlargement may be a circular enlargement in the entire diameter of the vein, or the enlargement in only one region also causes insufficiency in the valves. In both cases, the insufficiency of the valves, the escaping of the blood and the turbulence that occurs increase the damage to the valves.
· This is how Secondary Failure happens due to a cause such as DVT. Especially in DVT that occurs in the region below the knee, the clot goes down to the veins that go down to the ankle, so the pathology progresses further. As a result, the first changes are seen in the ankle.
We have roughly taken a glance at the meaning of the word reflux, that is, insufficiency or leakage, which varicose patients see in their ultrasound reports.
You will fully understand this system if you take some time in the video below.
Stay well..
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