Endocrinology is a science that deals with the diseases of the endocrine glands that secrete hormones in our body. The endocrine system deals with the deficiency and excess of the hormones secreted by the endocrine glands and the tumors and metabolic diseases of these glands. The glands that make up the endocrine system are the hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreas, ovaries (ovaries in women, testicles in men), adrenal glands (adipose tissue, endothelium (cells that line the inner wall of the vessel)). Endocrinologist is a doctor who deals with diseases of the endocrine system. they finish one year medical school and then complete a four or five year internal medicine residency program they spend three years learning how to diagnose and treat hormonal disorders In total it takes more than 13 years to train an endocrinologist
Endocrine diseases
Obesity (Obesity)
Diabetes
Insulin Resistance
Hypoglycemias (low sugar)
Endocrine hypertension
Thyroid diseases (Hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodule, thyroid cancers)
(98007) 02) Parathyroid gland diseases (Hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, parathyroid adenoma)
Adrenal gland disorders (Addison’s disease, cushing’s syndrome, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, androgenital syndromes, pheochromocytoma)
Ovarian diseases (polycystic ovary syndrome) , hypogonadism)
Testicular diseases (Hypogonadism, testosterone hormone deficiency, infertility)
Bone Diseases (osteomalacia, osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, metabolic bone diseases, paget disease)
Metabolism diseases (Carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism disorders, high uric acid, high cholesterol, low cholesterol, congenital hormone deficiencies, enzyme deficiencies)
Vitamin and mineral disorders (vitamin B12 deficiency, vitamin D deficiency, low calcium, low sodium , magnesium and zinc deficiencies )
Growth and development e retardation, short stature
Nutritional disorders
Early puberty problems, puberty delays
Excessive Sweating, Excessive Height Growth,
Menstrual irregularities, Hirsutism (Hairfall) )
Polyglandular syndromes (diseases affecting more than one secretory organ)
Multiple endocrine diseases (MEN syndromes)
Pituitary and hypothalamus diseases
Growth hormone deficiency or excess
Prolactin elevation or prolactinoma
Diabetes insipidus
Pituitary and hypothalamus masses
Sheehan syndrome
Cushing’s disease
Endocrinological diagnosis tests can be done; Glucose Tolerance test, ACTH (Synacthen) Stimulus test, Insulin Hypoglycemia test, Glucose-Growth Hormone Suppression test, Dexamethasone Suppression test, Water Restriction Test, Salt Load test, 72 Hour Fasting test, TRH Stimulation test, GnRH Stimulation test, Human Chorionic Gonodotropin Test (Pregnyl test), CRH Warning test, GHRH Warning test are applied.
