Diabetes is a carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism disorder manifested by high blood sugar. Diabetes is an insidious disease rather than a sudden onset disease.
Diabetes is a process that begins with the development of resistance to the effects of insulin hormone on the use of sugar in the body. In the later stages of this process, insulin resistance is tried to be eliminated by producing more insulin and patients are exposed to high insulin levels.
In the early stages of diabetes development, patients complain of weakness, fatigue and sleepiness due to the increase in sugar in the early period after a meal, especially when they are fed with carbohydrate foods. High insulin amount may cause low blood sugar in patients in the second hour and after the meal, and may cause weakness, fatigue, irritability, tremors in the hands, palpitations, cold sweats, headaches and visual disturbances. The eyes of these patients are in the kitchen, and they especially develop a fondness for sweets.
The sugar excreted from the kidneys due to the increase in blood sugar causes a feeling of thirst and dry mouth by increasing fluid excretion along with it. There is a need to drink more water to meet the increase in the amount of urine and the associated fluid loss in the body. In addition to these, symptoms such as fatigue, blurred vision, and genital fungal infections in women are also seen.
Only looking at fasting blood sugar level is insufficient to detect hidden diabetes and pre-diabetes problems. Therefore, in these patients, besides fasting blood sugar, insulin level and blood sugar should be monitored for 5 hours after the glucose load test. Considering this, appropriate treatment planning can be made by having an idea about the presence of diabetes, the presence of insulin resistance, the presence of hidden sugar and reactive hypoglycemia in the patient.
In all conditions such as diabetes, insulin resistance, latent sugar and reactive hypoglycemia, regulation of diet, reduction of daily energy intake, reduction of carbohydrates, reduction of portions and frequent feeding should be recommended. Patients should be encouraged to do 45 minutes of regular physical activity at least 3 times a week. Even a change in lifestyle in this way will solve the problem in the vast majority of these patients.
