What is interphile? What causes infertility? We learned the answers to the questions that we wondered about from Obstetrics, Gynecology and IVF Specialist Op.Dr.Süleyman Tosun.
If the married couples do not get pregnant within 1 year despite unprotected regular care, this situation is called infertility. 90% of couples become pregnant within 1 year. Infertility does not mean infertility. Infertility is an ex officio or random medical system and technology. However, infertility refers to a situation where it is possible to have a child by using medical procedures and technologies.
Should every couple wait 1 year?
If the woman is 35 years or older, 6 months, and if she is over 40, 3 months, if there is no pregnancy, an earlier specialist’s opinion should be sought. Menstrual irregularity, excessive body hair growth, excess weight, previous surgeries (fibroids, ovarian cysts, ectopic pregnancy) If there is a history of early menopause, previously diagnosed endometriosis (chocolate cyst), first degree relatives (mother, aunt, still), it is necessary to consult a doctor as soon as possible. If there is a history of severe pain, swelling, sexual reluctance, and erection problems, it is recommended to consult a urologist without waiting for 1 year.
Causes of interference!
When couples applying to an infertility clinic are examined, 40% female-related causes, 40% male-related causes, and 20% unexplained infertility clusters due to both female and male causes.
Causes related to women:
– Ovulation problems; PCO (polycystic ovary syndrome), hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (non-production of hormones that govern the ovulation system in the body)
– Tubal factors; Disrupting the integrity of the tubes previous surgeries (ectopic pregnancy, myomectomy, ovarian cyst surgeries, other intra-abdominal surgeries such as appendectomy)
-Structural disorders of the uterus; congenital deformities such as septum, subseptum, uterus didelphis (double uterus), as well as later in the uterus and endometrium (The layer that lays the inside of the uterus where the embryo is placed) operations and interventions such as abortion. Some fibroids and intrauterine polyps depending on their location and size.
-Genetic problems; Genetic disorders affecting the chromosome number and structure such as Turner syndrome, inversion, and trans location may adversely affect embryo development.
-Systemic diseases; such as thyroid disorders, diabetes, kidney diseases, anemia..,
-Endometriosis;
-Environmental factors, chemical issues or exposure to radiation that may impair egg quality
-Therapeutic chemotherapy,radiotherapy
-Sexual dysfunctions; vaginismus
– Decreased ovarian reserve
Male-related causes:
– Undescended testis,
– Mumps infection during or after puberty
– Previous testicular operations, trauma or infections (orchitis)
-Varicocele; may cause an increase in temperature and impair sperm count and motility
-therapeutic chemotherapy,radiotherapy
-blockages that prevent sperm outflow, systemic diseases (cystic diseases) fibrosis,diabetes,retrograde ejaculation)
-Environmental factors: air pollution, smoking, alcohol use, chemical factors or long exposure to too much heat.
-Genetic factors, Kleinfelter syndrome, inversion, genetic disorders affecting chromosome number and structure such as trans location
-Erection problems, retrograde ejaculation
