Would life be possible on earth without microorganisms? Are Microorganisms, which we fight by producing antibacterial products, always harmful, our friend or our most ruthless enemy? What are the benefits of microorganisms? In our article, we are talking about the people who started life on earth 3 billion years ago. microorganisms You will find information that will surprise you.
microorganismsperforms biochemical cycles that play an important role in the continuation of life on earth, and plays a role in the formation of many foods.
on earth plant, animal Microorganisms are encountered in all kinds of conditions, including areas where human life is not possible.
Microorganisms are abundant in soil, air, oceans and other water sources. This microorganisms It shares the same habitat with other living things. Living and non-living conditions form an ecosystem.
In the light of our current knowledge, the answer to this question is that both are correct. Whether microorganisms are beneficial or harmful depends on our success in controlling them.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the first cause of death was infectious diseases. They are microorganisms that cause important diseases that threaten individual and community life.
Microorganisms maintain life
However, it is a fact that it is microorganisms that perform the biochemical cycles that play an important role in the continuation of life on earth and that play a role in the formation of many foods.
There are many quiet around us. microbial activity consists of. For example, while oxygen, which is essential for our survival, is changed and renewed in a cycle, not only green plants but also fautosynthetic bacteria is in charge.
Nitrogen, which is abundant in the air but far from the chemical structure we will use, gains a feature that can be taken into our structure thanks to microorganisms.
Decomposition of organic materials is also provided by microorganisms. Microorganisms are needed in every environment to perform the biogeochemical cycle between living things and the physical environment.
When consumers die, for example, a human carbon, nitrogen and other elements remain in the soil bound to their bodies. microbial decomposers break down complex organic molecules into simpler compounds. This degradation process is when the end product is inorganic material. mineralization takes its name.
of microorganisms without this activity carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and nitrogen These substances, which are essential for all organisms, such as The cycle of these substances closely affects the soil, water and atmosphere.
For example, in the carbon cycle, 80 million tons of inorganic is converted into organic form per year.
They convert nitrogen
Half of this activity is in the oceans. photosynthetic microorganisms performs. Most of the organic carbon is oxidized by decomposers or by respiration of the consumer and CO2 formation takes place.
microorganisms some amount of carbon cannot reach. They were collected under the earth’s layer and in areas where there is no oxygen. For example, fossil fuels such as coal and oil reach the earth with human effort.
is also used as fuel. The product formed as a result of combustion is again CO2.
However, this form of carbon passes into the atmosphere and causes air pollution. microorganisms Another element that is cycled by nitrogen is nitrogen. molecular nitrogen Although it is necessary for all living things, very few can benefit from this nitrogen in the air.
molecular nitrogen biological should be converted into a structure suitable for use. This event nitrogen fixation known as aquatic bacteria and Cyanobacteria performed by. Free-living bacteria and nodules in plant roots symbiotic bacteria are nitrogen fixers in the soil.
Unlike nitrogen-fixing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria return nitrogen to the atmosphere.
Sulfur and phosphorus are two other elements that are cycled with the help of microorganisms.
All these events continue naturally in an ecosystem whose normal flora is intact. However, in some cases this
balance is disturbed by the effect of pollutants. In this case again of microorganisms the destructive events that will occur
tries to keep up.
If microorganisms didn’t work, we’d be a corpse field!
biodegradationthat is, our world would not be a mess if carbon compounds had not been destroyed by biological means and turned into a simpler structure. “corpse field” it would become. Sources of pollution; dead organisms, various wastes, artificially created industrial waste, natural complex organic waste it could be.
In a long evolutionary process, many types of microorganisms that destroyed them also developed together. However, the accumulation of these wastes in an environment can lead to pollution. Because in some cases, the rate of accumulation of pollutants is higher than the rate of destruction.
In this case, the treatment is biologically especially microorganisms succeeded by.
Artificial industrial wastes are very difficult to decompose in nature.
“Because they are the work of man himself.”
Biodegradable substances are dangerous
They are so resistant to chemical and biological destruction that it is impossible for a single group of bacteria to break them down. Recalcitrant substances to substances that are difficult or even impossible to biodegrade is called.
Accumulation of recalcitrant substancesare of such dimensions as to threaten life on earth. What is known of them oil waste, pesticides and petroleum derivative are industrial wastes. They are very difficult to destroy in nature. It remains in the same structure for years without being destroyed.
As the pollution load in a water source increases, the oxygen usage increases accordingly. As a natural consequence of this, there is a decrease in oxygen and the environment becomes life-threatening.
Environmental microbiology is a very important branch of science.
In recent years, based on the breakdown of waste materials and obtaining new products by using the destruction properties of microorganisms, Environmental Microbiology science has gained importance.
Biological Science to find solutions to the problems of the age, it is a very branched is a science. Environmental Microbiology staff environmental pollution The fact that they are interested is obvious.
As mentioned at the beginning of the article, microorganisms are found everywhere, from the uppermost layers of the atmosphere to the deepest parts of the seas, from hot springs to the glaciers of the poles.
It is especially important, together with other branches of science, that we maintain our relations with these beings in which we live so closely together, that we understand them better, benefit from them better and minimize their harm. microbial ecology, environmental microbiology and environmental biotechnology It depends on our knowledge.
Prevention of environmental pollution in our increasingly polluted world and in our country will be realized by increasing our studies and knowledge in this field.
