All organs and systems in our body work in great harmony. Unless there is a congenital or acquired physical or psychological illness, there is no complaint. However, when there is a disease state, some symptoms appear. Pain, fever, weight change, palpitation, shortness of breath, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, change in consciousness, weakness, sensory disturbances, loss of appetite, cough, color changes in the skin and body fluids, itching, appearance of lumps in one or more of all symptoms. It has meaning, these are body language, it says something for the individual and for the doctors. The doctor analyzes these symptoms, some of which are subjective and some objective, evaluates other accompanying symptoms, makes them more objective by using different examination methods, and tries to reach the correct diagnosis by using laboratory and imaging techniques if necessary. When he makes the correct diagnosis with objective evidence, he tries to apply medicated and/or non-drug treatment methods and try to control his patient’s quality of life and even his life-threatening disease if possible, if not to treat it completely.
However, in order for this process to function properly, the individual must first be aware of a symptom that occurs in his body, pay attention to the complaint, tell a doctor about his complaint in a timely manner and be examined. Otherwise, it is not possible for the doctor to intervene spontaneously in the ‘diagnosis’ process. Undoubtedly, in every complaint, the worst disease is brought to mind, and the time of both the patient and health workers and the resources of the state is not wasted unnecessarily with the most detailed tests in parallel. The doctor knows best which complaint means which, and decides which examinations to make by evaluating it together with other symptoms. However, we also know that there are some diseases that may not show any significant symptoms until they reach an advanced stage. For example, until liver or kidney failure reaches an advanced stage, it may cause only mild fatigue, which many individuals may not care about. The doctor, who listens to this complaint and evaluates it with additional findings, can confirm the diagnosis by performing liver and kidney tests. A complaint of dizziness may be due to a slight change in blood pressure, or it may be a symptom of a brain tumor. Prolonged constipation may be due to a simple cause such as neural colitis, or it may be a symptom of bowel cancer. It is the doctor who will make the distinction. When the doctor sees the patient, maybe he will also realize that he has anemia, he will see that he has iron deficiency anemia, he will have his patient have a colonoscopy and will be able to catch the bowel tumor in the early period. Or he will not detect any other findings and will diagnose functional bowel disease and give treatment to improve the symptoms. It is possible to multiply these examples enough to form a book. Our aim is not to create fear and encourage patients to go from hospital to hospital, and not to increase the already excessive workload in hospitals. However, it is to encourage a new complaint to be evaluated by a doctor near you. For this, the first step and the easiest is to tell your family doctor about your complaint and be examined. Trust your doctor, he will do what is necessary for you. If he deems it necessary, he will examine himself or direct you to a suitable health center. Or he will convince you that your complaint does not indicate a disease as it is. You will have peace of mind and you will learn that if you have any other symptoms, you should consult a doctor again. If you did not receive this information from your doctor in the course of the conversation, it is your right to ask for it.
We see that the worst diagnosis is generally reached and there is a great panic if the individual searches for the answer to his/her complaints as a diagnosis on the internet. Later, we see that it is not enough to go to a health institution to get rid of this thought and there are applications to different health institutions. The correct approach is to share a complaint with the doctor in the early period and seek a solution from the doctor.
We see that individuals in our society have very different behavior patterns in case of any symptoms or complaints that have newly appeared in their bodies and may be associated with a disease state. We can say that the wrong behaviors are as follows:
1-Nothing will happen to me, these are small things, everyone already has similar complaints at this age
2-I’m afraid that something important will come out of it, it’s best to continue to continue like this as long as I can
3-I had itching and redness in my arms. I went to the doctor, he listened to me, examined me, said it was an allergic reaction, and gave me medication. I thought it might be due to something else, I went to another hospital, the doctor examined him, did a test and he said what the first doctor said. I thought I hadn’t researched enough and went to University Hospital. They made many tests, radiological examinations and consultations, I went to the hospital for 4-5 days. They also said that the first doctor told me to continue using the same drug. I’m still using the same allergy medicine, your complaints have almost disappeared.
All three of these behaviors are wrong. The first is underestimation, ignoring, in a sense “Don Quixote”. The second is an unnecessary fear reaction, it can have irreversible consequences. Even if he does not go to the doctor, he will not be able to get rid of his anxiety. When you go to the doctor, most likely nothing bad will come out. Other diseases, on the other hand, can be easily treated and relieved of their complaints and anxiety. A difficult illness, on the other hand, can at least be brought under control, stopped, the complaints caused by it can be alleviated, and at least their anxiety will be reduced. The third behavior is wrong; It is not possible for the person to be comfortable with this approach, and it is not right for healthcare professionals with a large workload to be unnecessarily busy in this way.
We can say that it is easier to reach doctors and health institutions in our country now compared to previous years. This undoubtedly has an important role in increasing the quality of health service delivery. However, it is necessary to turn this comfort into an opportunity. It is more appropriate to diagnose and treat health problems that can be easily resolved with primary health care services such as family doctor, health centers, mother-child health. Thus, research hospitals and university hospitals can devote more time to solving more complex health problems. This approach is more efficient for both those who receive health services and those who provide them. The rate of application to family physicians who are trying to be placed in our country is around 20%. This rate is very low and indicates a great distrust. Family physicians who have received six years of medical education and who have worked in the field and added their experience to this do not deserve this distrust. A highly educated doctor knows which symptoms are associated with which diseases, if possible, he treats it himself, if not, he does not make a risky behavior for his patient and directs him to the right place. Thus, the patient is diagnosed in a shorter time. However, if the patient believes that despite following this method, no results are obtained, he or she should apply to a more comprehensive health center.
Fear of going to a doctor is too much to ignore in our society. The fact that the argument “Look, I’ll tell the doctor, he’ll give you an injection” has been used incorrectly since childhood has a role in this, as well as the fear of facing a possible bad disease, hospitalization, injection, surgery, diet can be added to this. The talisman of “I have never been to a doctor before” and the anxiety of deteriorating false self-confidence may also have a role in this.
It should be known that not going to a doctor does not make the individual healthy, on the contrary, if there is a disease, the individual may lose his health, or even his life, temporarily or permanently, if he does not go to the doctor.
* Although all the symptoms are important for doctors, the complaints that we can say should be taken seriously and consult a specialist without delay.
– Weight loss or weight gain of more than 3 kg per month or 5 kg in 3 months, regardless of demand
– Presence of blood in solid/liquid wastes (feces, urine, saliva, sputum, etc.)
– Chest pain at rest and/or with little effort
– Shortness of breath at rest and/or with little effort
– Severity, location, duration, concomitant Having an unusual headache in terms of other symptoms
– Urinating for more than one day, inability to defecate for more than 3 days
– Abdominal pain is one of the symptoms such as fever, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and weakness. or more
– Loss of strength, loss of sensation in the hands and/or feet
– Dizziness; Alone or with palpitations, sweating, altered consciousness
– Recurrent fever accompanied by nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain One or more of the complaints such as shortness of breath, palpitation
– Color changes such as yellowing and bruising on the skin
– Painful or painless swellings in any part of the body
-Fatigue that does not go away even with rest
SYMPTOMS
* Pressure sensation in the front of the head
It usually brings to mind sinusitis. However, eye pressure, a lesion occupying the anterior part of the head, and some types of migraine may also have this feeling.
* Pain and pressure in the neck
It suggests pathologies such as high blood pressure first, calcification in the neck spine, nerve compression, and muscle spasms.
* Sensation of pain and pressure in the temples
Tension-type headaches, calcification in the jaw joint, diseases of the salivary gland in front of the ear, germ-free inflammation of the vein in the temple area are the most common causes.
* Blurred vision with a feeling of pressure in the head
Eye pressure, bleeding and tearing in the back layers of the eye
* Blurred vision
Cataract, disorder in the optic system of the eye (myopia, hyperopia, astigma), damage to the eye vessels due to diabetes and blood pressure disease, diseases of the optic nerve, diseases of the transparent layer of the eye (cornea), diseases of the visual center in the head.
* Darkening
Low or high blood pressure, decrease or increase in blood sugar, deterioration of salt balance
* Feeling of seeing objects behind a curtain
Cataract, diseases related to optic system such as myopia, hyperopia, astigma.
* Inability to focus the image
Disorders of the lens system, diseases of the optic nerve
* Dizziness
High or low blood pressure, diseases of the balance organ in the inner ear, fluid deficiency, anemia, salt balance disorders, vitamin deficiencies, increased pressure in the head, visual disorders, diseases of the brain stem.
* Nose bleeding
Coagulation system diseases, low number and function of platelets (platelets) in the blood, high blood pressure, side effects of anticoagulants, presence of capillary ball in the nose, advanced liver and kidney disease. kidney disease, intranasal infection
* Nasal congestion
Influenza infections, nasal allergy, nasal deviation, polyp
* Nasal bleeding with dizziness
The first thing to come to mind is high blood pressure.
* Sudden hearing loss
Perforation in the eardrum due to trauma or infection, use of drugs that have toxic effects on the auditory nerve (aminoglycoside group antibiotics, high doses of aspirin), exposure to high decibel sound ( sound trauma), damage to the auditory nerve by the disease called multiple sclerosis (MS), exposure of the auditory nerve to pressure due to tumor or other reasons should be considered.
* Tinnitus
It may be in cases of calcification of the ossicles in the inner ear, rapid or irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure, and Meniere’s disease. Sometimes, despite all the research, the cause cannot be revealed.
* Gum bleeding
Poor oral hygiene, gum infections, dental calculus, vitamin deficiencies (especially vitamin C and K), coagulation system diseases, low number or function of coagulation cells, liver and kidney diseases, rarely due to blood cancer, deterioration of the coagulation system, side effects of blood thinners
* Oral aphthae
Intraoral infections, bacterial plaques on the teeth, vitamin deficiency, iron deficiency, fungal infections Immune system diseases such as lupus disease come to mind. If it is accompanied by inflammation of the eyes and skin, it may be Behçet’s disease.
* Difficulty in swallowing
Intraoral infections such as pharyngitis, tonsillitis, diseases of the nerve that provides tongue movements (vascular bleeding, occlusion, tumor affecting the swallowing nerve in the head) Tumor in the back of the mouth, tonsils too large Having a tumor narrowing the upper part of the esophagus internally or externally, having an internal goiter, a pocket diverticulum in the esophagus
* Pain in the tonsils
Inflammation of the tonsils called tonsillitis. It can be with viral or bacterial infections. Enlargement of the tonsils due to the disease of the lymphatic system
* Hoarseness (Temporary and continuous)
Edema in the vocal cords due to a throat infection called laryngitis or allergy, nodule in the vocal cords, paralysis of the nerve that governs the vocal cords (vocal cord paralysis), exposure of the vocal cord nerve due to goiter, excessive use of the vocal cords, damage to the vocal cord nerve in goiter surgeries, laryngeal cancer especially in heavy smokers
* Neck pain
Anterior neck pain Lymph gland diseases, germ or non-microbial diseases of the thyroid gland, throat infections, salivary gland diseases come to mind in pains on the side. In diseases of the back of the neck, calcification, high blood pressure, neck hernia, tension-type headaches, osteoporosis should come to mind first.
* Feeling of difficulty when turning the neck to the right and left
Calcification of the neck spine, spasm in the neck muscles called torticollis, manage the neck muscles, nerve diseases, congenital or acquired neck muscle diseases
* Joint pain
Joint pain that increases with movement is usually due to mechanical causes such as calcification, cartilage damage, damage to joint ligaments. If there is joint pain at rest and accompanied by swelling, temperature increase, redness, it is the pain due to inflammation with or without microbes. The one with the germ is called septic arthritis. Those without mircope; It develops due to diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, lupus, Mediterranean fever arthritis, reactive arthritis after infection, psoriasis arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease arthritis.
* Sudden pulls in the muscles
These may be in the form of mild twitches involving very small muscle fibers, or they may be in the form of contractions involving the entire muscle and may lead to involuntary movements of the arm or leg. It may be due to involuntary stimuli originating from the brain, as well as electrolyte disorders, deterioration in liver and kidney functions.
* Numbness and numbness in hands and legs
It is a complaint that arises due to mechanical or metabolic causes related to the nervous tissue. If there is this complaint in an arm or leg and it is usually accompanied by complaints such as pain and decreased strength, it is thought that the nerve tissue may have been exposed to pressure in the places where it passes from the spinal cord. However, if it is common in the arms and legs, diabetes affecting everywhere, high urea, vitamin deficiencies, deficiency or excess of electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium should be considered. It should be kept in mind that there may be tumors in the brain or immune system diseases related to the nervous tissue, less frequently.
* Difficulty in opening the finger joints in the morning
It is one of the most important symptoms of inflammatory rheumatism called rheumatoid arthritis. Having pain at rest and movement of the hands after a few hours, limitation of movement and reduction of pain are important symptoms. Similar complaints may be present in some other rheumatological diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.
* Squeaking in the knees
It is one of the most important findings of calcification in the knee. Usually expected to be in their 50s. With the movement of the knees, both pain occurs and when we put our ear close and listen, a sound similar to the sound made when we step on the snow is heard.
* Tingling sensation in the legs and feet
This complaint may be due to conditions such as hernia and compression that damage the nerve tissue, as well as to the metabolic malformations mentioned above. The tingling complaint may also occur in cases of internal or external varicose veins, especially those involving the veins. In cases that make blood circulation difficult and cause blood thickening (lack of fluid, high number of cells in the blood, high sugar and blood fats), vitamin deficiencies can also occur.
* Pain in the legs
It may be caused by muscle, vessel, bone and nerve tissue. Since treatment approaches are different, it is necessary to make a distinction. Muscle pains occur in inflammation, soft tissue rheumatism involving the muscle, in cases where some drugs damage the muscles, and insufficiency in energy production systems. Bone pain occurs especially in vitamin D deficiency, osteoporosis and bone tumors. Vein pain is especially in the case of occlusion in the arteries. When walking, there is a need to stop and rest because of pain. Legs are cold and pale.
* Bruising and pain in the hands and feet in cold weather
Reyno’s disease. There is a deterioration in the working order of the nerves in the walls of the veins, which manage the narrowing and expansion of the veins according to the environmental temperature. It may be due to the disease of these nerves themselves, or it may also be due to rheumatic diseases in the arms and legs.
* Pain and stiffness reflected in the scapula
In digestive system diseases such as gallbladder, stomach, pancreas, there are pains reflected in the scapula region. In this case, it is usually accompanied by complaints such as abdominal pain and nausea. In diseases involving the back region of the spine (bone loss, calcification, metastasis, disc inflammation between the spine, disc herniation, spinal rheumatism), sometimes there may be pain reflected in the shoulder region in lung diseases and heart groins.
* Nausea and gagging feeling in the morning
Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder disorders (stones, bile sludge, gallbladder inflammation), reflux disease, inability to remove toxic substances from the body through liver and kidney ( urea, creatinine, ammonia), conditions that increase intracranial pressure (tumor, inflammation), and sometimes psychological reasons without an organic reason can cause nausea and retching. The early stages of pregnancy should also be kept in mind.
* Heartburn and pain
It happens in diseases such as gastritis and ulcer. It is caused by excess stomach acid and damage to the stomach wall. In the event that some drugs cause erosion in the stomach wall, pain and burning may occur with the normal amount of acid. These complaints may also be due to the fact that the stomach microbe called Helicobacter pylori disrupts the protection systems of the stomach wall. If the food is eaten fast and too much, stomach pain may occur because the digestive load will increase. There may be a congenital deficiency of digestive system enzymes against certain foods. In case of eating these foods, stomach aches may occur (Lactose intolerance).
* Bitter water coming into the mouth
It happens in reflux disease that develops due to the looseness of the valve system between the esophagus and the stomach. Acid, which does not normally pass from the stomach to the esophagus, passes into the esophagus, can reach the mouth and cause a burning sensation. There may also be burning in the middle of the chest. It mostly happens after meals and after going to bed.
* Waking up tired
The most important reason is not sleeping soundly at night. It is the deterioration of the biological rhythm of the body for various reasons, that is, not living the night like night and day like day. Short-term respiratory arrest during sleep (sleep apnea), restless legs syndrome, eating before going to bed at night, drinking too much tea and coffee close to bedtime, physical ailments caused by inadequate treatment of chronic diseases
* Tired all day long and feeling exhausted
It occurs in cases such as acute and chronic infections, anemia, thyroid diseases, untreated diabetes mellitus, adrenal gland deficiencies, vitamin deficiencies, immune system diseases, neurologic diseases involving muscles, muscular rheumatism. However, 50% of these types of fatigue and burnout are caused by mood disorders, overt or masked depression.
* Excessive sweating
If there is constant sweating, rapid functioning of the thyroid comes to mind. In addition, in infectious diseases such as brucellosis, tuberculosis, kidney inflammation, biliary tract inflammation, abscess, sepsis, lymphoma, excessive adrenaline secretion of the middle part of the adrenal gland, low blood sugar, rapid work of sweat glands without any other disease, menopause also cause sweating.
* Not sweating at all
It is the regional or widespread non-operation of sweat glands or the absence of congenital sweat glands. It usually occurs in some congenital or acquired diseases of the skin. These people can easily suffer from heat stroke.
* Palpitation
In fact, the feeling of palpitation without increasing the number of beats per minute is usually due to mood disorders (panic attack, stress, anxiety, anxiety). Palpitations in which the heart rate increases irregularly occur in diseases related to the rhythm conduction system of the heart. Palpitations in which the heart rate increases regularly, heart muscle, fast work of the thyroid, decrease in blood sugar, excessive secretion of adrenaline, anemia, fever, decrease in blood pressure due to various reasons, excessive coffee, nicotine, alcohol consumption, oxygen deficiency
* Breathing difficulty in breathing
Presence of pathologies that narrow the airways externally or internally, insufficient respiratory impulse from the brain, inability of the chest to breathe (pump) due to the disease of the rib cage and muscles, air sacs filled with inflammation and edema (pneumonia, heart failure), congestion in the pulmonary vessels (pulmonary embolism), anemia
* Difficulty doing daily routine movements (climbing stairs, walking to work, etc.)
Anemia, muscle diseases, joint diseases (rheumatism, calcification), heart failure, respiratory failure, advanced dementia, nutritional deficiency, advanced kidney and liver disease Asthma, diseases of the nervous system that lead the muscles to work (paralysis), diseases of the peripheral nervous system
* Fainting
Fainting with contractions in the arms and legs occurs in epilepsy. Fainting in the form of collapse is usually due to a drop in blood pressure. Apart from these, severe anemia, low blood sugar, brain tumors, lack of oxygen, accumulation of carbon dioxide gas in the body, circulatory failure in the brain, occlusion in the cerebral vessels, cerebral hemorrhage, salt balance disorders, heart rhythm disorder, brain infection, blood circulation infection, severe fever, heatstroke
* Constipation
It is defecation 3 times a week or less. Abdominal pain is associated with bloating, and if there are no symptoms such as weight loss, fever, bleeding, anemia, and if the colonoscopy is normal, the intestinal nerves do not work regularly. Internal or external obstruction or narrowing of the intestines (tumor, polyp, adhesions, intestinal rotation), long intestine, thyroid laziness, potassium deficiencies, intestinal nerve paralysis, spinal cord injuries, immobility, insufficient fluid and fiber intake, side effects of some drugs (urine expectorants, tranquilizers, allergy medications )
* Diarrhea
Diarrhea is defined as three or more watery stools a day. It may be a component of irritable bowel syndrome as a result of irregular functioning of intestinal nerves. If fever, abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting are accompanied by intestinal infections, food poisoning should be considered. Fast functioning of the thyroid gland, excessive secretion of some hormones from the intestines, non-germ inflammatory diseases of the intestines, deterioration of the intestinal flora due to excessive use of antibiotics,
* Very dark stools
If the individual does not use iron medication, stomach bleeding should be considered. This color is formed by the digestion of blood proteins in the stomach with acid, it is tar-like and has a foul smell. Immediate blood count and stool blood test should be done and confirmed.
* Excessive gas and bloating despite not eating a lot
It is the formation of methane gas when these bacteria come into contact with the intestinal contents, usually as a result of the deterioration of the intestinal bacterial flora. Insufficient digestive enzymes, low and weak bowel contractions and slow progressive function, excessive spasm of the muscles lying in the anus defecation control
* Excessive thirst
Insufficient fluid intake, excessive urination due to uncontrolled diabetes As a result, there is a deficit of fluid, insufficient or ineffective ADH hormone that retains water in the kidneys, excessive urination, fluid deficit (sugarless diabetes), deterioration of the balance of the thirst center in the brain, long-lasting febrile illness, dry mouth with less functioning of the salivary glands
* Excessive urination
It is the condition of urinating more than 3 liters per day. Urinary tract infections, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus without diabetes, diseases of the kidney tubes, prostate enlargement, heart failure, urinary bladder not working regularly, urinary control muscles not working regularly, use of diuretic drugs, high calcium level
* Very hunger
Especially after eating meals with high carbohydrate content, more insulin is secreted than normal, so after half an hour, an hour later, there is a decrease in insulin-induced blood sugar and an early feeling of hunger occurs. The individual feels the need to eat sweets immediately and this vicious circle continues in this way. Kan şekeri düzeyinde tepeler ve vadiler olması çok acıkmanın en sık nedenidir.
* Ani kilo kaybı (Yeme düzeninde değişiklik olmamasına rağmen)
İştah normal ise kontrolsüz şeker hastalığı ve tiroidin hızlı çalışması, barsaklarda emilim bozukluğu düşünülmelidir. İştahsızlıkda varsa infeksiyonlar, kanser, romatizmal ve bağışıklık sistemi hastalıklarının alevlenmesidir.
* Yenmemesine ve diyet yapılmasına rağmen kilo verememe hali
Tiroid tembelliği metabolizmayı yavaşlatarak kilo vermeyi zorlaştırmaktadır. Ayrıca aşırı kalori kısıtlaması insulin, leptin grelin gibi hormonların işleyişini bozmakta, iştahı arttırmakta ve metabolizmayı yavaşlatmaktadır.
* Tuvalet alışkanlığında ani değişiklikler
Huzursuz barsak sendromu denilen fonksiyonel barsak hastalığı, tuz dengesinde bozukluklar, tiroidin yavaş ya da hızlı çalışması, hemoroid olması, barsak içinde mikroplu ya da mikropsuz iltihap olması, barsakta tümör olması en sık görülen nedenlerdir.
* Dışkılama sırasında kanama
Anüste çatlak olması, iç ya da dış hemoroid, kılcal damar çatlaması, pıhtılaşma sistemindeki bozukluklar, barsak içinde ülserler olması, barsak tümörleri en sık görülen sebeplerdir.
* 2 haftayı geçen öksürük
Reflü hastalığı kronik bronşit, akciğer kanserleri, tüberküloz, geniz akıntıları, ilaca bağlı öksürükler, boğaz allerjisi, arkaya doğru büyüyen nodiler guatr,
* Kuru öksürük
Allerjik astım, reflü hastalığı, bazı tansiyon ilaçlarının yan etkisi, akciğer kanserleri, sarkoidoz, ileri dönem kalp yetmezliği
* Geceleri artan öksürük
Reflü, geniz akıntıları, kalp yetmezliği
* Balgamlı öksürük
Akut ve kronik bronşit, pnomöni, bronşektazi, amfizem hastalıklarında, akut ve kronik sinüsitte
