DEVELOPMENT AND DEVELOPMENT PRINCIPLES
Development; It is a continuous change of the person, starting from fertilization, until reaching the final stage in physical, mental, language, emotional and social aspects (with the interaction of growth, maturation and learning). For example; A child can climb a tree when his muscles and bones are mature enough and learn to climb. (movement development) The concept of development is often confused with the concept of growth. The two are interdependent but different concepts. Development of the individual; It includes features such as learning, understanding, hearing, speaking, relations with the environment and itself, walking, hand gestures and games, while growth refers to increase in quantity (number).
Development Principles;
1- Development is affected by both biological factors and the environment.
2- There are individual differences in development. Each individual may experience similar processes in different periods.
3- There is a sequence in development:
4- Development is from head to toe. The child first learns to hold his head, then to sit and then to walk.
5- Development is from the inside out. The child first reaches for the object, grasps it with his hands, and then starts using his fingers.
6- Development is from general to specific. The child first gains large muscle control and then small muscle control (first learns to use his hands and then to hold a pencil)
7- The pace of development is not the same at all ages.
8- Development is a whole with all its fields. Disruption of any developmental area can negatively affect other areas.
9- Development shows continuity, it continues throughout life.
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