PUBLIC HEALTH
How much the individual’s health depends on the health and cleanliness of the whole society, but he was poisoned (infected) from a meal he ate in a restaurant, caught a Cold or Flu (Influenza) from someone on the bus, hotel Anyone with Tinea pedis (a fungal foot infection) who has fleas in their bed, or who has infested their toes from a public beach, swimming pool or sauna, will get it very well.
People cannot function properly when they are sick, and a society cannot function properly unless its individuals are healthy. Therefore, every society takes steps to improve the health of its individuals as a precautionary measure to protect its existence. It takes measures and develops new and new methods (methods). As the community grows, the problem of public health becomes more and more important because, on the one hand, the consequences of ignorance, negligence and inadequacy can affect more and more people, and on the other hand, the possibilities for the spread of the disease.
SCOPE OF PUBLIC HEALTH
Social Medicine has two main functions. These are;
1- To prevent the disease
2- If the disease cannot be prevented, to treat it.
2 of Social Medicine. In other words, the treatment option includes the education of hospitals and clinics, financial support of patients and their families, or taking the health under the Social Security Umbrella (insurance).
This aspect of Social Medicine is relatively more expensive due to both the high cost of the necessary facilities and tools (requiring more money) and the loss of producers and labor.
The protective side of Community Medicine is less conspicuous and often unnoticed, but it affects all of us and society as a whole.
The proper burial (burial) of dead people includes building standards, population density in cities and towns, the number of people who can be transported on ferries or watched movies in cinemas, the conditions of workers in factories, aircraft and automobile noise, automobile exhaust gases, and toxic industrial residues. It extends to the numerous laws and regulations that control the level that can be given, which are typical in almost all countries today.
If we briefly summarize them;
1- The risk of getting disease from foods contaminated with microbes is very high. Therefore, all production, storage, processing and preparation stages of foods are carefully regulated. They are controlled and inspected in terms of organoleptic (sensory, eye and taste, five senses), chemical, bacteriological and virological (let’s say microbiological for short) aspects in order to prevent new animal or plant pests or diseases that do not exist.
2- The efforts of restaurant and hotel managers to monitor cleanliness, proper water and garbage conditions, toilets and equipment, and personnel health are regularly audited.
3- In order to ensure that the death of the animal is painless and to allow the examination of the presence of tape (tapeworm) and tuberculosis (tuberculosis) and other zoonotic diseases (diseases that cause disease from animals to humans), animals are safe, in Slaughterhouses (Slaughterhouses) licensed by the Ministry. ) They should be slaughtered under the supervision of a Veterinarian. Apart from these (with the exception of Eid al-Adha), the prevention of animal slaughter is a very necessary and important issue.
4- Vaccination of bovine (cattle and buffalo) and ovine (sheep and goat) ruminant animals against infectious abortion, brucellosis (Maltese fever), not only prevents loss of calves, malak, lambs and kids through abortion, but also prevents the most The most important thing is to protect people who consume milk from Brucellosis (Maltese fever) disease.
5- Even fresh vegetables can be a source of disease. For example, parasitic trematode (fasciola hepatica) eggs can be found in the leaves of milkweed, which causes Fasciolasis Disease, which is known as butterfly disease among the people living in sheep livers. Part of the life cycle (cycle) of this trematode parasite is spent inside the freshwater snail, so every effort is made to prevent the introduction of infected snails into the water beds. Well-managed watercress farms (existing abroad) are watered from water sources that are not at risk of infection.
6- Pasteurized milk kills bacteria that cause tuberculosis (tuberculosis) and Brucellosis (Maltese fever). In this process (Pasteurization process), named after the French scientist Louis PASTEUR (1822 -1895), milk is heated up to 64-72 degrees Celsius. This heat is lethal for most bacteria, but not high enough to degrade the quality of the milk. Today, milk at a very high temperature (140-145 C) called UHT (Ultra Heiss Temparature) in the dairy industry is suddenly heated for 15-60 seconds and immediately cooled very quickly and boxed in boxes containing a special foil. Pasteurized, or more precisely, Sterilized milk by UHT method does not carry any bacteria, virus and yeast.
7- Garbage was dumped on empty land or in the sea. In recent years, the garbage problem has become a big problem. In the 1990s, the CH4 (methane) gas formed in the garbage caused a big explosion and disaster when garbage formed garbage mountains in the empty land in Istanbul. The death of people who made a living by collecting plastic, plastic bottles, glass, paper, etc. from garbage around the garbage dump in Istanbul, saddened us all. The garbage incident is one of our biggest environmental, health and social problems with its large volumes in our increasingly urbanized and growing country.
8- Disposal of rain and sewage water from houses and industrial establishments is one of the main health responsibilities of local governments. Such residues must be separated by channels and sewage system and must be rendered completely harmless in terms of human health.
9- Many diseases are spread by infected animals or their parasites. The main carriers of rabies are foxes, stray dogs, badgers, cats and bats. Such diseases spread very easily in places where the movements of animals cannot be prevented. It is for this reason that all animals imported into our country are kept in quarantine during the incubation period of their microbial organisms.
Therefore, prophylaxis (preventive medicine, public health, public health) is both more economical than curative therapeutic medicine and is a more essential way to prevent some incurable conditions and diseases in the future.
In this regard, if each individual first shows his/her own cleaning and hygiene, cleanliness of his/her environment, sensitivity about garbage and helps institutions and organizations related to public health, laws and regulations, we will solve our basic health problems.
Wishing you healthy days…
Specialist Dr. Ali AYYILDIZ
Veterinarian – Human Anatomy Specialist Dr.
