What is obesity?
In the daily life of the individual; There is a need for power that varies according to age, gender, physical mobility, genetic and physiological characteristics.
In order to maintain a healthy life, the power taken and the power spent must be kept stable. The fact that the power taken in daily life is more than the power spent causes the unspent power to be stored as fat in the body. The storage of excess power as fat in the body also raises the risk of obesity. In a more general definition, obesity is a large amount of fat accumulation in the body. Apart from this, obesity is a problem that is directly related to genetic, familial, mental and environmental influences.
Obesity is one of the most valuable health problems of developed and developing countries today.
What are the factors that cause obesity?
Today, both business and social life become easier depending on the changes and advances in technology. This facilitation also significantly limits the daily movements of individuals.
A sedentary lifestyle is one of the biggest causes of obesity. Gaining a lot of weight by eating unsystematically and badly, apart from the sedentary life of the individual, also raises the risk of obesity. The World Health Organization has defined obesity as the accumulation of too much fat in the body at a rate that will impair health.
Health problems caused by obesity
If measures are not taken against obesity, the person will experience various health problems. These are:
- Heart attack risk and coronary artery disease
- Severe sleep apnea and various breathing problems
- Stroke due to stroke risk
- Sugar disease
- High blood pressure
- Vascular occlusions
- Liver fat
- High blood lipids (triglyceride and cholesterol)
- Sexual dysfunctions
How is obesity treated?
1. Medical nutrition therapy (Diet therapy)
Medical nutrition plays a leading role in obesity treatments. With this feeding technique;
• It is aimed to reduce the body weight to the required level compared to height. Medical nutrition therapies are specific to the individual.
• The weight loss diets to be applied in the treatment should be compatible with sufficient and stable nutritional elements.
• The aim of medical nutrition is to provide a person with a real eating habit and to maintain this habit throughout his life.
2. Exercise therapy
The goal of exercise therapy is to reduce adipose tissue and abdominal fat through physical activity. Training therapy is a treatment formula that supports medical nutrition therapy. With the exercise treatment, the weight gain of the patients who have obesity problems is prevented and they are weakened.
Adult individuals should train in the middle of 30 to 45 minutes every day in exercise therapy. Moderate, systematic walks are the most important factor in training therapy. With exercise therapy, it is aimed to keep the individual who has obesity problems physically active every day.
The training program recommended for the obese individual should be specific to the individual. At the same time, the program should not bore the person and should be made in harmony with the daily life habits of the individual.
3. Pharmacological treatment (Drug treatment)
Drugs in pharmacological treatment to be administered to obese individuals, however, must be used under the supervision of a physician. Drugs that a person takes unconsciously can cause many side effects. The safety of the drugs used should be determined by the health, it should be suitable for the cause of obesity and should not be addictive. In order for drug therapy to be successful, the patient must also maintain medical nutrition habits and exercise therapy. It is also very valuable to go to the doctor’s supervision on a one-to-one basis systematically.
4. Surgical intervention
The surgical treatment applied in obesity is divided into two:
- Bariatric surgery application
The main purpose in surgical treatment is to take food with food. reducing the measure of food, suppressing the appetite of the patient, and impairing the absorption of a measure of the food eaten. In all these processes, the main purpose is to ensure that the person is satiated more easily with less food. Since the daily power effort will be limited, the person starts to burn from the fat stores and thus loses weight.
The reason why it has a success rate of 95% in obesity surgery and is the most successful treatment among the known weight loss methods is the management of the stomach volume and the surgical operation rather than the individual preferences of the individual, that is, when the motivation deteriorates in classical treatments, the person eats what he wants and the stomach volume is suitable for eating. However, after the surgical operation, the person will be full quickly with a very small portion and will not feel hungry. Therefore, bariatric surgery is the most successful and healthy weight loss system.
- Reconstructive surgery application
The aim of reconstructive treatment is the local removal of adipose tissues formed in various parts of the body. Reconstructive treatment is aesthetically loaded. With this treatment, it is aimed to reduce the excess fat only in the body localization of the patient, otherwise it is not a weight loss method in general terms.
