His interest in dreams and the imaginary world sprouted at this age. As he got older and because he loved his brother’s friend Martha, he turned to medicine, a profession where he could earn immediate money. He started a new experiment in 1884, which he believed would bring him fame. In this experiment, he used cocaine himself for the first time. At the time of these experiments, no one in the world knew the dependence of cocaine and the harm it caused to the body. These experiments were negative. Unfortunately, using himself as a test subject led to the onset of cocaine addiction.
Laying the foundations of Freud’s concept of the Unconscious began in 1885. At that time, Freud was a trainee doctor at the Vienna Hospital. His name was not known at that time. Nervous diseases were his specialty, but hysteria was within his scope of mental illness.
Freud
In 1885, he began working with the doctor Jean-Martin Charcot, who was a master in the department of nervous disorders. The doctor was hypnotizing his hysterical patients, and that’s second mind; he was saying. By developing and shaping this thought, Sigmund Freud would introduce the concept of “Subconscious” in the future. In 86 he opened his own practice in Vienna. He organized the first hypnosis therapies. During these therapies, Freud’s long sofa was used during these therapies, it was easier to hypnotize the clients while they were lying down. Freud’s aim here was to reach the subconscious of the patient with hysteria and heal the patient, but this method was not successful. His colleague, Josef Breuer, told Freud about Anna O, the patient who had no partner in his therapy history. On this patient, Breuer was treating the patient by talking to him, and Freud began to use this method in his treatment together with hypnosis. Talking to his patients, he researched when and how his illness arose. The findings he found were that the disease of the patients was sexual traumatic childhood events, and these findings caused an outrage in Europe of the period. Treatment took place in the future. He saw the concept of libido and sexuality as a fundamental element of human drives, and gradually, with the successes of Freud, began to adopt these views in Europe. After the death of his father, Freud analyzed himself, a first in the history of psychology. No psychologist had ever done this before. He left his own defense mechanisms offline and turned off his own resistance and analyzed himself. This situation is the first.
Freud, a sexually inexperienced man, had suddenly witnessed a woman wrap her arms around his neck and want to kiss him. If there was someone else in his place, he thinks, “This patient finds me attractive, he fell in love with me.” But Freud did not think so. He was in a clinical environment where sexuality was intense, but he did not want to surrender to this sexuality or let go of it. There
She wanted to find a way to stay and continue working with her patient. Freud named the desires felt as a child the Oedipus complex. During his period, Freud was humiliated in society because of such writings. They said that he wrote immoral articles and corrupted the morals of the society. Freud’s self-analysis took close to five years, and he was influenced by these analyzes to write The Interpretation of Dreams. Here, Freud wrote his own analyst in his book, but his book did not have the effect he expected, only 290 copies were sold within 5 years of its release. In the 19th century, psychoanalysis began to form a community to introduce the science to the world. Freud met Carl G. Jung at these meetings. The group formed to introduce the psychoanalytic method to the world was successful and Sigmund Freud and his method became very famous after 1910. Freud’s fame went beyond Europe and extended to America. Sigmund says that human beings are born idyllic from the moment they are born, that is, humans are innately inclined to attack and act with impulses, and one should direct these destructive impulses to more constructive actions. Otherwise, it will cause destruction and destruction in man. We can only channel these destructive actions into different activities with our defense mechanisms. For example, in sports activities such as football, tennis, volleyball box, basketball, courses such as reading, English, mathematics, fine arts, artistic activities such as painting, playing the guitar, playing the baglama, and enrolling in the theater group, Sigmund separates the instinctive impulses into sexuality and aggression. Psychoanalytic theory gathers all instinctual drives under two headings, sexual and aggressive. Sex is positive and constructive. As in nature, it provides the unification of lives in humans and the proliferation of lives. Aggression, on the other hand, is the opposite of sexuality, destructive. It aims to destroy the existing, aims to end the relations, it is an obstacle to reproduction and constructiveness. This type of behavior is often seen in children. For example, acts such as aggressive attitudes, trying to pinch with hands, pulling arms, throwing punches can be seen in children. The aim of the psychoanalytic method that Sigmund found and developed is to try to understand and treat the psychodynamic factors underlying human behavior. Freud says that the unconscious is very important in his method.
According to Sigmund, dreams are windows to our subconscious. The things that we subconsciously throw out appear to us in dreams. For example, seeing a celebrity we are lustful naked in our dreams, seeing that we beat someone we don’t like in our dream, not saying anything to our manager who scolds us at work, and giving the necessary answer to the manager in the dream. Seeing dogs running after us in our dreams, seeing that we are alone in a dark room, seeing snakes on us. Just like when we dream about an event we experienced when we were little. The things we throw into our subconscious begin to overflow from our subconscious over time, and they show themselves in our dreams. Sigmund says that we can learn about the mental state of the individual by interpreting these dreams. According to Sigmund, the mental change of a person emerges with the stages he goes through in the first years of his birth, motivations, physical and mental instincts. The id of the Sigmund personality,
conveys that it consists of ego and superego. These three components make up the whole. -Id provides our primitive nature, -Ego provides the balance between our natural side and our social structure. The super ego represents the pressure of the society on the individual. The id is the primary source of psychic energy. It is the primitive bodily and animal needs of man. The ego acts as a balance between the id and the super ego, and the distortion of the balance causes diseases in the individual. The super ego is the rules that society reflects on the individual. It’s kind of social pressure. In Freud’s psychoanalysis, the aim is to bring the individual to change. It is to bring the repressed thoughts to the surface and to ensure the mental integrity of the individual. In treatments, patients come to 50-minute sessions 2-5 times a week. The psychologist does not talk unnecessarily and approaches objectively. Does not answer the questions asked by the patient, only makes comments where necessary. The main purpose of Freud and psychoanalysis therapy is the conflicts experienced by the individual. The source of these conflicts is our unconscious. It affects us without our knowledge and affects our thoughts and actions. The purpose of these therapies is to bring them to light and overcome these conflicts.
