What is gastroesophageal reflux?

Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER) is the reflux of the fluid in the stomach into the esophagus. Consisting of acid, pepsin and bile salts, this fluid may also contain food particles from time to time. Reflux may occur spontaneously, with bending forward or with exercise, approximately 30 minutes after meals. Complaints of reflux may also occur in the REM phase of sleep. Reflux can occur in two different ways as physiological and pathological. Reflux, which can occur from time to time in healthy individuals, is a physiological event. However, when it is repeated frequently during the day, lasts for a long time and occurs during sleep, pathological reflux is now in question. CAUSES: Viral infections, intake of irritating agents, decreased lower esophageal sphincter pressure, gastric hernia, increased abdominal pressure, delayed gastric emptying, recurrent vomiting are among the causes of reflux.
TREATMENT: The main treatment is the avoidance of exercise movements that increase intra-abdominal pressure and the use of tight belts. It is recommended that patients do not lie down immediately after eating, lie down at least 3-4 hours after eating, and raise the head of their beds 20-25 cm. Medicines should be taken with sufficient water, preferably in an upright position. Smoking and alcohol should not be used as they reduce lower esophageal pressure.
DIET THERAPY: In order to prevent the decrease of lower esophageal sphincter pressure, the protein content of the diet is increased, the consumption of foods such as fatty foods, dark tea, coffee, chocolate, mint and onion is reduced. To reduce esophageal irritation and prevent stimulation of stomach acid; Hot spices, carbonated drinks, tomatoes, citrus fruits, coffee, alcohol, very hot and very cold foods should not be consumed. Meals should be at frequent intervals, excessive meals should not be eaten at one meal, and fluid intake should be reduced while eating, and water should be drunk between meals.